The granulation process is broadly classified into two types: dry granulation and wet granulation.
Granulation is the method of making granules from a powder or solid material which is used to produce a granular material in pharmaceutical industries.
What is granulation?
Granulation is the agglomeration technique of particle enlargement it is one of the most important unit operations in the manufacturing of pharmaceutical dosage forms, particularly tablets and capsules. The granulation process turns the fine powder into free-flowing granules which are easy to compress.
However, granulation has various challenges in terms of content uniformity and physio-chemical properties such as moisture, bulk density, compressibility, granule size, hardness, porosity, etc., due to the high-quality requirement of the formed granules.
The granulation technique is divided into two types: dry granulation and wet granulation.
Wet granulation method:
The wet granulation method is one of the most widely used processes in the pharmaceutical industry to manufacture a solid dosage form as it has many advantages over other techniques. In this process a mixture of powder particles is made using a granular liquid, the liquid contains a volatile solvent that is removed by drying and they are non-toxic. There are three parts in the wet granulation process are wetting the powder, nucleation, and agglomeration.
The mixing of excipients, drug (API), mixing the powder with binder solution, sieving, drying, and shifting are the steps involved in wet granulation.
Dry granulation method:
The dry granulation method is a type of granulation it is widely used in conditions where the effective drug dose for direct compression is too high, and the drug is responsive to moisture, heat. In this method, granules are prepared without using the granulating liquid and there are two ways to achieve compact when using dry granulation: slugging and roller compaction.
The dry granulation method can perform with a special instrument called a roller compactor, which can be screened in granulation and is appropriate for compression of the tablet.
Commonly asked questions on granulation are as follows.
What are the advantages of granulation?
The advantages of granulation include, improves the flowability, cohesiveness, and compressibility, of the powder, disintegration time, increase porosity to maximize dissolution rate, reduce dustiness, change bulk density, and change material’s shape, size, and surface smoothness for coatings, etc.
What is the difference between wet and dry granulation?
The major difference between wet and dry granulation is that dry granulation is not used granulation liquid and wet granulation uses liquid/solvent in the process.
What is the major application of granulation?
The granulation is used in the pharmaceutical and food processing processes. It is mainly used in the pharmaceutical industry in the process of manufacturing solid dosage forms such as tablets and capsules.
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