Learn how to make different concentrations of molar and normal copper sulphate solutions, which are needed for many applications such as research, practical, pharmaceutical, chemical laboratory, and industries, etc.
Copper (II) sulphate, more commonly referred to as copper sulphate, is an inorganic compound that has the formula CuSO4. It forms hydrates CuSO4•nH2O, where n can range from 1 to 7. Copper sulphate is manufactured by treating copper metal with sulfuric acid or copper oxides with sulfuric acid (H2SO4).
Copper sulfate is used as a drying agent and in several industrial applications. It is also employed in different chemical tests such as Fehling's, Benedict's, and Biuret reagents to test for proteins, and reducing sugars.
Generally, a solid form of copper sulphate (CuSO4•5H2O pentahydrate) in different-sized packs is supplied in the market by vendors in the form of blue (pentahydrate) crystals that are usually about 98% pure.
- The molecular weight of CuSO4•5H2O is 249.685 g/mol (pentahydrate)
- The melting point of CuSO4•5H2O is 560 °C
- The density of CuSO4•5H2O is 2.286 g/cm3
- The solubility of CuSO4•5H2O is: highly soluble in water and methanol but insoluble in ethanol and acetone.
Requirements of glassware, chemicals, and apparatus:
Digital balance, beaker, pipette, pipette bulb, volumetric flask, measuring cylinder, glass rod, funnel, distilled water, AR/LR grade copper sulfate (CuSO4), etc.
Calculation method:
For example, we calculate how much weight of solid copper sulfate is needed to prepare a 0.1M solution in a 500 ml flask.
The following equation can be used to determine the molarity of a given solution:
Molarity=W/m×1000/V
Rearranging this equation to account for the weight necessary gives us,
W =Molarity × m × V/ 1000
Putting the given values in this equation,
W=0.5×249.685 ×500/1000 =62.42 gm
Therefore, to make a 0.1 N solution of copper sulphate, dilute 62.42 gm of CuSO4 in 500 ml of distilled water.
Note:
We have calculated the concentration based on CuSO4.5H2O (Pentahydrate) for preparing the solutions listed below.
How to prepare 0.02M CuSO4 solution?
Weigh accurately 04.99 g of copper sulphate and dissolve it in 500 ml of distilled water in a volumetric flask. Once it has completely dissolved, make up the volume to 1000 ml with distilled water, and properly mix it.
How to prepare a 0.05M CuSO4 solution?
Weigh accurately 06.24 gm of copper sulphate and dissolve it in 250 ml of distilled water in a volumetric flask. Once it has completely dissolved, make up the volume to 500 ml with distilled water, and properly mix it.
How do you make a 0.1 M copper sulfate solution?
Weigh accurately 24.97 gm of copper sulphate and dissolve it in 500 ml of distilled water in a volumetric flask. Once it has completely dissolved, make up the volume to 1000 ml with distilled water, and properly mix it.
How to prepare 0.2M CuSO4 solution?
Weigh accurately 49.94 gm of copper sulphate and dissolve it in 500 ml of distilled water in a volumetric flask. Once it has completely dissolved, make up the volume to 1000 ml with distilled water, and properly mix it.
How to prepare 0.25M Copper sulphate solution?
Weigh accurately 62.42 gm of CuSO4 and dissolve in 700 ml of distilled water in a volumetric flask. Once it has completely dissolved, make up the volume to 01 liter with distilled water, and properly mix it.
How to prepare 0.5M CuSO4 solution?
Weigh accurately 124.84 gm of CuSO4 and dissolve in 400 ml of distilled water in a volumetric flask. Once it has completely dissolved, make up the volume to 01 liter with distilled water, and properly mix it.
How to prepare 1M CuSO4 solution?
Weigh accurately 24.97 gm of copper sulphate and dissolve it in 50 ml of distilled water in a volumetric flask. Once it has completely dissolved, make up the volume to 100 ml with distilled water, and properly mix it.
How to prepare a 2M solution of pentahydrate copper sulphate?
Weigh accurately 124.84 gm of CuSO4 and dissolve in 200 ml of distilled water in a volumetric flask. Once it has completely dissolved, make up the volume to 250 ml with distilled water, and properly mix it.
How do you make a 1% solution of CuSO4?
Weigh accurately 01.00 gm of copper sulphate and dissolve it in 50 ml of distilled water in a volumetric flask. Once it has completely dissolved, make up the volume to 100 ml with distilled water, and properly mix it.
How do you make a 2% CuSO4 solution?
Weigh accurately 02.00 gm of copper sulphate and dissolve it in 50 ml of distilled water in a volumetric flask. Once it has completely dissolved, make up the volume to 100 ml with distilled water, and properly mix it.
How do you make a 5% copper sulphate solution?
Weigh accurately 05.00 gm of CuSO4 and dissolve in 50 ml of distilled water in a volumetric flask. Once it has completely dissolved, make up the volume to 100 ml with distilled water, and properly mix it.
How to prepare 10% copper sulphate solution?
Weigh accurately 10.00 gm of CuSO4 and dissolve in 50 ml of distilled water in a volumetric flask. Once it has completely dissolved, make up the volume to 100 ml with distilled water, and properly mix it.
How do you make a 20% solution of copper sulphate?
Weigh accurately 20.00 gm of CuSO4 and dissolve in 50 ml of distilled water in a volumetric flask. Once it has completely dissolved, make up the volume to 100 ml with distilled water, and properly mix it.
How to prepare a 100 ppm solution of CuSO4?
In a volumetric flask, dissolve 10 mg of copper sulphate in 100 ml of distilled water to produce a 100 ppm stock solution.
How do you make a 1 ppm solution of copper sulphate?
Take 0.1 ml (100 microlitres) from 100 ppm stock solution of copper sulphate and dilute it to 10 ml, the resulting solution has a concentration of 1 ppm.
How do you make a 10 ppm solution of copper sulphate?
Take 01 ml from 100 ppm stock solution of copper sulphate and dilute it to 10 ml, the resulting solution has a concentration of 1 ppm.
PRECAUTIONS:
- When working with chemicals, avoid contact with skin, eyes, clothing, ingestion, and inhalation.
- CuSO4 is hygroscopic in nature it should be stored in a tightly closed container.
- Stir a little amount of copper sulphate into a large volume of water at a time, and then dilute the solution.
- When making copper sulphate solutions, it is recommended that always use distilled water.
- Wear protective gloves, clothing, eye protection, and face protection.
- Wash your hands/skin thoroughly after handling.
- Solutions of CuSO4 are highly alkaline and corrosive. Contact can cause serious skin and eye irritation. Therefore should be handled with care, follow laboratory safety measures (SOP/Procedure), and please use extreme caution when preparing the solution concentrations.
References:
- Indian Pharmacopoeia : 1996
- Wikipedia contributors. (2023, March 7). Copper(II) sulfate. In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Available Here:
- What Is the Difference between Molarity and Normality? Westlab. Available Here:
- Making Percent Solutions Of Chemicals, Available Here:
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