Oral drug delivery has been known as the most commonly used route for the systemic delivery of drugs through various pharmaceutical products. The sustained release dosage forms are intended to release medicaments at a predetermined rate so that a constant concentration of medicaments can be maintained for a specific period. A sustained release dosage form is designed to achieve prolonged therapeutic effects of the drug in the bloodstream. It releases the medicine at a prescribed rate, according to the needs of the body throughout the treatment period.
Advantages of sustained release dosage forms:
Advantages of sustained release dosage forms:
- The major advantage of the sustained release dosage form is that it provides long-term therapeutic effects by continuously releasing the drug.
- It provides prolonged action of the medicaments and reduces the frequent dosing.
- Control of drug therapy can be achieved by using a sustained release dosage form.
- The extent and rate of drug absorption can be modified by using a sustained release dosage form.
- Patient compliance is another major benefit of a sustained release dosage form.
- It does not need special storage conditions and is easy to handle or transport.
- The unpleasant odor and taste of active pharmaceutical ingredients may be masked by coating or by making granules.
- These types of dosage forms are also stable in physical, chemical, and microbiological properties.
- This system has the benefit of a single dose for the entire duration of treatment and delivers the API directly to the specific site.
- It reduces the local side effects, by reducing the total amount of the drug.
- Different drugs and excipients or ingredients can be mixed to make it convenient for the patient to reduce the administration of multiple doses.
Disadvantages of sustained release dosage forms:
- The major disadvantage of the sustained release dosage form is that, in traditional solid dosage forms, the dose can be adjusted by dividing the tablet into two parts. This is not possible in a sustained release dosage form as the release property may be lost if the dosage form is broken or crushed.
- Side effects can remain much longer as it releases the medication for longer.
- Children and the elderly are hesitating to swallow and cannot be given to an unconscious patient.
- This has less flexibility in dose adjustment.
- The rate of release may change by various factors
- This is expensive compared to other solid dosage forms because its formulation and manufacturing process is expensive.
- The time required for the absorption of the released drug may vary from one dose to another.
Commonly asked questions on dosage forms are as follows.
What are the types of modified release dosage forms?
Extended-release dosage form and delayed-release dosage form are two types of modified release dosage forms. Controlled release, sustained-release, and prolonged-release are the different terminologies also used in the modified release. Generally, tablets, capsules, and, carpets are used for this formulation.
What is the major disadvantage of effervescent tablets?
The major disadvantage of effervescent tablets is that they use a complex, expensive manufacturing process and excipients.
What is the advantage of using modified release dosage forms?
The modified release dosage forms are designed to ensure that the concentration of active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) is maintained at suitable time intervals, deliver the medication to that part of the body, and simplifying the dosing schedule.
What is the disadvantage of the enteric coating?
The major disadvantage of enteric coating is that enteric-coated tablet taking a long coating time and high bulk resulting in a costly product.
What is the advantage of sublingual or buccal administration?
Sublingual or buccal administration of the drug provides rapid onset of action which is required for the treatment of acute disorders.
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