Learn how to make different concentrations of molar and normal sodium bicarbonate solutions, which are needed for many applications such as research, practical, pharmaceutical, chemical laboratory, industries, etc.
Sodium bicarbonate is a chemical substance with the formula NaHCO3, also known as sodium hydrogen carbonate, monosodium salt, baking soda, or bicarbonate of soda. Sodium bicarbonate is a white, crystalline substance that often appears as a fine powder, which is a salt composed of bicarbonate anion (HCO3-) and sodium cation (Na+). Its taste is somewhat alkaline and salty, like washing soda (sodium carbonate:Na2CO3).
The molecules of sodium bicarbonate include one sodium cation and one bicarbonate anion. Here, an ionic bond is formed between the sodium ion, which has a positive charge, and the oxygen ion, which has a negative charge.
Generally, a solid form of sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) in different-sized packs is supplied in the market by vendors in the form of white crystals, and odorless powder.
The molecular weight of NaHCO3 is 84.0066 g mol−1
The melting point of NaHCO3 is 50°C.
The density of NaHCO3 is 2.20 g/cm3
The solubility of NaHCO3: soluble in water and insoluble in alcohol
Requirements of glassware, chemicals, and apparatus:
Digital balance, beaker, pipette, pipette bulb, volumetric flask, measuring cylinder, glass rod, funnel, distilled water, AR/LR grade sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3), etc.
Calculation method:
Depending on the volume you want to prepare, you can prepare 01 M of NaHCO3 and use the following formula:
M = g / V x molar mass
For example, if you want to make 1M in 0.5L of NaHCO3, you need to determine the amount of sodium bicarbonate in grams.
g = M x V x m.m
g = 01 x 0.5 x 84
g =42.0 g
Therefore, to make a 01 M solution of sodium bicarbonate, dilute 42.00 gm of NaHCO3 in 500 ml of distilled water.
How to prepare a 0.05M sodium bicarbonate solution
Weigh accurately 04.20 gm of NaHCO3 and dissolve in 250 ml of distilled water in a volumetric flask. Once it has completely dissolved, make up the volume to 1000 ml with distilled water, and properly mix it.
How to prepare 0.1M sodium bicarbonate solution
Weigh accurately 08.40 gm of NaHCO3 and dissolve in 500 ml of distilled water in a volumetric flask. Once it has completely dissolved, make up the volume to 1000 ml with distilled water, and properly mix it.
How to prepare a 0.2M sodium bicarbonate solution
Weigh accurately 16.80 gm of NaHCO3 and dissolve in 500 ml of distilled water in a volumetric flask. Once it has completely dissolved, make up the volume to 1000 ml with distilled water, and properly mix it.
How to prepare a 0.25M NaHCO3 solution
Weigh accurately 21.00 gm of sodium bicarbonate and dissolve it in 750 ml of distilled water in a volumetric flask. Once it has completely dissolved, make up the volume to 1 liter with distilled water, and properly mix it.
How to prepare 0.5M sodium bicarbonate solution
Weigh accurately 10.50 gm of sodium bicarbonate and dissolve it in 150 ml of distilled water in a volumetric flask. Once it has completely dissolved, make up the volume to 250 ml with distilled water, and properly mix it.
How to prepare 1M sodium bicarbonate solution
Weigh accurately 84.00 gm of NaHCO3 and dissolve it in 100 ml of distilled water in a volumetric flask. Once it has completely dissolved, make up the volume to 1000 ml with distilled water, and properly mix it.
How to prepare 2M sodium bicarbonate solution
Weigh accurately 16.80 gm of sodium bicarbonate and dissolve it in 50 ml of distilled water in a volumetric flask. Once it has completely dissolved, make up the volume to 100 ml with distilled water, and properly mix it.
How to prepare 3M sodium bicarbonate solution
Weigh accurately 63.00 gm of NaHCO3 and dissolve it in 100 ml of distilled water in a volumetric flask. Once it has completely dissolved, make up the volume to 250 ml with distilled water, and properly mix it.
How do you make a 2% sodium bicarbonate solution?
Weigh accurately 02.00 gm of NaHCO3 and dissolve it in 50 ml of distilled water in a volumetric flask. Once it has completely dissolved, make up the volume to 100 ml with distilled water, and properly mix it.
How to prepare 5% sodium bicarbonate solution
Weigh accurately 05.00 gm of NaHCO3 and dissolve it in 50 ml of distilled water in a volumetric flask. Once it has completely dissolved, make up the volume to 100 ml with distilled water, and properly mix it.
How do you make a 7% sodium bicarbonate solution?
Weigh accurately 07.00 gm of NaHCO3 solid powder and dissolve in 60 ml of distilled water in a volumetric flask. Once it has completely dissolved, make up the volume to 100 ml with distilled water, and properly mix it.
How to make 10% sodium bicarbonate solution
Weigh accurately 10.00 gm of sodium bicarbonate and dissolve in 80 ml of distilled water in a volumetric flask. Once it has completely dissolved, make up the volume to 100 ml with distilled water, and properly mix it.
How do you make a 20% solution of sodium bicarbonate?
Weigh accurately 20.00 gm of NaHCO3 and dissolve in 50 ml of distilled water in a volumetric flask. Once it has completely dissolved, make up the volume to 100 ml with distilled water, and properly mix it.
PRECAUTIONS:
- Sodium bicarbonate is non-hygroscopic in nature it should be stored in a tightly closed, cool, and dry place.
- Stir a little amount of sodium bicarbonate into a large volume of water at a time, and then dilute the solution.
- When making sodium bicarbonate solutions, it is recommended that always use distilled water.
- Wear protective gloves, clothing, eye protection, and face protection.
- Wash your hands/skin thoroughly after handling.
- Handled the chemicals with care, follow laboratory safety measures (SOP), and please use extreme caution when preparing the solution concentrations.
References:
- Indian Pharmacopoeia 1996
- Wikipedia contributors. (2022, August 23). Sodium bicarbonate. In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Available Here:
- ‘Preparation of Standard Solution of Sodium bicarbonate - Chemistry Practicals Class 11’. BYJUS, Available Here:
- ‘How to Make a .5 Solution of Sodium Bicarbonate’. Sciencing, Available Here:
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