Chromatography
is a widely used separation technique that has a number of important
applications in the several sectors and industries such as
pharmaceutical analysis, food industry, chemical industry, forensic
science, and environmental analysis etc.
Chromatography is essentially a method for the isolation of a sample mixture by continuous partition between two phases such as the mobile phase and stationary phase. The basic principle of chromatography consists of the separation of solutes obtained by dissolving the mixture of solutes in a mobile phase and traveling it over the stationary phase. Analytes that more strongly interactions they move slowly, while those analytes have a weak affinity they eluted rapidly.
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Today
different types of chromatography such as paper chromatography, column
chromatography, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC),
ion-exchange chromatography, thin-layer chromatography (TLC), gas
chromatography (GC), liquid chromatography-mass spectroscopy (LC-MS) are
being used for different purposes in across the world, let’s check some
important uses of chromatography.
1. Applications of chromatography in the pharmaceutical analysis:
- Different types of chromatography techniques are widely used in the pharma sector for qualitative and quantitative analysis of molecules.
- As chromatography is easy, precise, rapid, and accurate. It can be adopted successfully and efficiently in bulk and pharmaceutical dosage form for routine quality control analysis of drugs.
- Chromatography plays a significant role in the development of a new molecule, as it determines the structure, and monitors the synthesis or reaction process.
- It is used to find out the amount of the drug from the pharmaceutical dosage forms.
- Chromatography is used by pharmaceutical industries to prepare a huge amount of pure materials such as API and to also be analyzed purified compounds for trace contaminants.
- It is used to separate the chiral compounds in pharmaceutical analysis.
- Chromatography is a robust and efficient quantitative tool for the diagnosis and evaluation of diseases in drug and biomarker research.
2. Applications of chromatography in the food industry:
- Chromatography is used in the processing of the food industry for quality control, by isolating proteins, preservatives, vitamins, and amino acids.
- The presence of chemical additives, the nutritional value of processed foods such as junk food, fast food can be determined with the help of a variety of chromatographic techniques.
- Many beverage industries use chromatography to confirm that every batch of their product is the same.
- The chromatography is broadly used by food manufacturers in determining the contents of processed food and other foodstuffs.
- It is used to determine food shelf-life, it is analyzed by which food spoils.
3. Applications of chromatography in the chemical industry:
- The major application of chromatography in the chemical industry is that it is used to monitor the reaction and synthesis of a chemical and its products.
- It is used in pesticide and oil industries to detect different contaminants present in the products.
- It is used in the chemical industry for determining the pollutants in water, air, and chemicals.
- The chemical industries are used chromatography to monitor the quality and purity of the samples.
4. Applications of chromatography in forensic science:
- The chromatography is used in forensic science to collect the evidence and catch criminals.
- Chromatography is used in blood tests that can determine the amount of alcohol, drugs, or toxic substances in the body after death.
- Chromatography is also to determine if their poison in the body.
- Gas chromatography is used to test samples of blood, urine, and clothes, to recognize criminals and to help them bring justice.
- Since chromatography can reliably determine substances in the bloodstream, it is used for screening of athletes for doping or performance-enhancing drugs in sports.
5. Application of chromatography in the environmental analysis:
- Chromatography is a widely used separation technique to determine the organic trace components in environmental samples.
- Chromatography used for determining and identification environmentally ubiquitous pollutants.
- Liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry (LC-MS) can be used to examine many different pesticide residues.
- It is also used to determine the volatile and non-polar organic compounds (odors and non-odorous) in the air.
- It is used to identify carcinogenic contaminants found in drinking or wastewater.
- Some other applications of chromatography includes, applications in the life sciences, molecular biology, nanotechnology, petroleum industries, and diagnosis of disease, etc.
Commonly asked questions of chromatography are as follows.
What is the basic principle of chromatography?
Chromatography works on the principle that different molecules will have different solubility and adsorption amongst the two phases which they are to be isolated.
What are the four major types of chromatography?
The chromatography classifies based on four different separation mechanisms, such as adsorption chromatography partition chromatography, size exclusion chromatography, and ion-exchange chromatography.
What are the advantages of chromatography?
The advantages of chromatography include, it provides simple and rapid analysis with high resolution, it requires a very small amount of sample (Gram, PPM, and ng/ml), and it has a broad range of mobile phase and stationary phase to separate the components.
What are the factors affecting chromatography?
The mobile phase composition, pH of the mobile phase, stationary phase, system pressure, temperature, flow rate, the concentration of analytes, the particle size of adsorbent, and column dimensions are the factors that affect the separation, resolution, efficiency, Rf value, reproducibility, and retention time of chromatography.
What are the principle and types of column chromatography?
Column chromatography works on the principle of adsorption and it has five different types such as adsorption chromatography, ion-exchange chromatography, partition chromatography, and gel chromatography.
What are the applications of reversed-phase chromatography?
The reversed-phase chromatography has both analytical and preparative applications and commonly used in pharmaceuticals, food technology, medicine forensics, and biotechnology.
What is the basic principle of chromatography?
Chromatography works on the principle that different molecules will have different solubility and adsorption amongst the two phases which they are to be isolated.
What are the four major types of chromatography?
The chromatography classifies based on four different separation mechanisms, such as adsorption chromatography partition chromatography, size exclusion chromatography, and ion-exchange chromatography.
What are the advantages of chromatography?
The advantages of chromatography include, it provides simple and rapid analysis with high resolution, it requires a very small amount of sample (Gram, PPM, and ng/ml), and it has a broad range of mobile phase and stationary phase to separate the components.
What are the factors affecting chromatography?
The mobile phase composition, pH of the mobile phase, stationary phase, system pressure, temperature, flow rate, the concentration of analytes, the particle size of adsorbent, and column dimensions are the factors that affect the separation, resolution, efficiency, Rf value, reproducibility, and retention time of chromatography.
What are the principle and types of column chromatography?
Column chromatography works on the principle of adsorption and it has five different types such as adsorption chromatography, ion-exchange chromatography, partition chromatography, and gel chromatography.
What are the applications of reversed-phase chromatography?
The reversed-phase chromatography has both analytical and preparative applications and commonly used in pharmaceuticals, food technology, medicine forensics, and biotechnology.
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