Infrared
spectroscopy is a useful method to identify the functional groups of sample
materials. A sample can be in solid, liquid, and gaseous states and can be
analyzed by IR or FTIR spectroscopy with the sample as a transmission technique
from radiant light interaction. A solid sample type is a typical sampling
technique for the study of IR transmission spectroscopy. This involves
preparing a solid sample in the form of a potassium bromide (KBr) disk or
pellet (7 mm or 13 mm) to properly mount the sampling area of an infrared
spectrophotometer.
Pellet
preparation is a significant factor for IR spectroscopy it has to be
transparent so that it allows to pass of IR radiations through them. So to get
the precise IR spectrum of a sample with good intensity, sharp peaks with high resolution, salts such as potassium bromide (KBr), sodium chloride (NaCl), and Silver chloride (AgCl) are used for the mixing of the sample.
KBr is
commonly used as a window material or in pellet preparation as a carrier of the
sample in the ratio of 1:100 since it is optically transparent for the light in
IR between 4000–400 cm-1. KBr is commonly used in infrared spectroscopy because
there is an alkyl halide and no alkyl halide shows any absorption in the region
of infrared and is chemically inert and robust.
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