Wednesday, April 17, 2019

What is the Stationary Phase in Chromatography

Chromatography is a science to separate a mixture of components. To perform this, the sample passes through phases, these phases are known as the mobile phase (Liquid/Gas) and stationary phase (Solid). In this technique, the stationary phase remains constant, whereas the mobile phase flows through the system. Initially, a sample mixture is dissolved either in a mobile phase or suitable liquid (e.g. Methanol, Acetonitrile, and Water) that travels it in a stationary phase through a structure.
Chromatography depends on the principle where the molecules in the sample mixture are introduced into the solid, and while moving with the help of the mobile phase, the analytes are separated. In this separation process, efficient factor contains molecular characteristics associated with liquid-solid (partition), liquid-solid (adsorption), and affinity of the molecules. As of these dissimilarities, some analytes last longer in the stationary phase, and they are traveling gradually in the system, Whereas other molecules travel quickly and leave the chromatography system earlier.
In view of this approach, there are three components based on chromatography technology.
Mobile phase: The mobile phase is composed of liquid or gaseous components.
Stationary phase: This phase is made of a solid phase or, on the solid support surface, the liquid layer is adsorbed.
Molecules: Molecules to be separated, which is in the mixture sample.
Here are some types of chromatography and stationary phases which used in chromatography is mentioned.
  • Column chromatography: Silica gel, and alumina.
  • Paper chromatography: A special piece of filter paper or cellulose paper.
  • Thin-layer chromatography (TLC): Alumina, silica gel, or similar material is coated on metal, plastic film or a glass plate, as a thin layer.
  • Gas chromatography (GC): A microscopic layer of polymer on an inert solid support, inside the portion of metal or glass tubing.
  • High-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC): Silica filled in the column.


You may also like this

Advantages and disadvantages of Chromatography
What is Chromatography and How Does it Work

No comments:

Post a Comment