Normally we required two different buffer solutions for calibration of pH meters. One of these solutions should have a pH of 4.00 and the other should have a pH of 7.00. You can calculate the accurate quantity of required chemicals expected to include in buffer solutions. However, it considers that your water is pure and distilled and chemicals are also considered standardized and very pure. In order to create a buffer solution for at least in ideal conditions, we should have a calibrated pH meter; this means that you should get some buffer solution from the market, but you need only once.
To prepare a buffer solution take distilled water in a beaker, add 10 g of mono-potassium phosphate per liter of solution for pH 7.00 buffer and stir the solution until it dissolves. After this, add potassium hydroxide (KOH) gradually, until your solution is reached by pH 7.00. If you go slightly above the desired pH then you can add mono-potassium phosphate to reduce it up to pH 7.00. For the 4.00 pH buffer solution, add 20 g per liter citric acid in water and add potassium hydroxide (KOH) gradually until your solution is reached by pH 4.00. Once the preparation is done, keep the buffer solutions for a few hours and measure the pH again using the pH meter to confirm that your pH remains constant. Store buffer solution in airtight containers and keep them away from the light.
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