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Monday, August 26, 2019

Advantages and Disadvantages of TLC

Thin Layer Chromatography is a technique of separation in analytical chemistry and which used for analysis and identify the unknown analytes/compounds. This is the basic version of HPTLC, in which the sample is applied to a plate of silica and the sample travel with the solvent and separates.

Let’s check some advantages and disadvantages of TLC.

Advantages of TLC:

  • TLC is a simple and time-saving way to separate the analytes.
  • This is a cost-effective method since it required a minimum sample and solvent.
  • TCL is the method used to separate non-volatile compounds. 
  • Components will separate faster.
  • It can possible to identify the unknown analytes by compared with the standard.
  • Minimum types of equipment are used compared to other techniques.

Disadvantages of TLC:

  • The temperature and humidity can affect the results of TLC, as it is an open system.
  • This only separates the soluble analytes.
  • The result is not reproducible compared to HPLC.
  • The separation length of the stationary phase is inadequate compared to other chromatographic techniques.
  • Thin Layer Chromatography is a manual process, not automated.

Conductivity of Drinking Water Standard

Water is very important for life and living things. Drinking water quality is a potent environmental determinant of health. Therefore, enough supply of safe drinking water is considered to be one of the main important factors. The pH, conductance, and total dissolved solids (TDS) are the parameter which is used to determine the quality of the water. The deionized and pure distilled water has a conductivity of around 0.05 µS/cm, and drinking water have around 200 to 800 µS/cm of conductivity and seawater have around 50 mS/cm conductivity. Typically, the conductivity of reverse osmosis (RO) water has to in between the value of drinking water and the deionized water i.e. (0.05 µS/cm-200 µS/cm). But it depends on operating pressure and feeds the concentration of the RO unit.
  • Conductivity can refer to electrical conductivity (EC), it is the measurement of solutions potential to conduct an electric current. The normal conductivity of drinking water is 200 to 800 microSiemens (µS/cm).
  • The normal range of ph in drinking water is about 6.5 to 8.5 pH.
  • The normal TDS level of drinking water can be 300-500 mg/liter.

Why is conductivity important in water?

Conductivity is one of the main useful and generally measured quality parameters in the water and other sample solutions. The water is a universal solvent which means normal water contains dissolved substances and these substances are in their ionic form in water. These dissolved substances help to enhance the conductivity and thus the relationship amongst the amount and conductivity of dissolved substances can be recognized. Salts and some chemicals which dissolve in water that can break down into positively charged ions and negatively charged ions. These free ions conduct electricity in the water, thus the electrical conductivity of water depends on the concentration of ions. The total dissolved solids (TDS) and salinity are used to determine the electrical conductivity of water, that helps signify the purity of water hence the conductivity is an important factor in water.
Conductivity is a very useful factor in different industries and manufacturing processes. We usually consider conductivity as a measure of the purity of water. It is also used in the fuel industry as a safety measure, it can help in pharmaceutical products, and it can use in beverage manufacturing. The range of conductance in drinking water has around 200 to 800 microSiemens/cm (µS/cm).

Benefits of Aloe Vera for Hair

Aloe Vera juice is very beneficial for hair and although aloe Vera can be used in many ways in the whole human body. Usually, there is a problem of hair fall in women, but nowadays, this problem is seen in young girls too. At the same time, the youth’s hair is now flawed. The main reason of hair fall problems, stiffness in the hair and if there is oiliness in the head's skin. Apart from this, one of the main reasons for hair loss is to have skin-related diseases.
Using an aloe vera, your hair looks like a completely new in from withered hair, and if you have a skin disease in your head then aloe vera is useful. The use of aloe vera works in a loose, lifeless and tangled hair and works well and it naturally strengthens hair and helps to make a naturally alert and healthy. If you have aloe vera gel or aloe vera in which there are shampoos and conditioners, then treat your hair very well and have the feeling of fixing the problem of all hair types, as well as naturally this new hair Helps in bringing.

Benefits of Pomegranate Juice

Almost all fruit juices are beneficial for keeping the body fit and healthy, but pomegranate juice typically helps in weight loss, Eating pomegranate reduces fat around the stomach, it contains vitamin A, C, E, folic acid and anti-oxidants so pomegranate should be included in your diet plan.
Let's know about the health benefits of pomegranate juice.
  • Can reduce the risk of heart attack and stroke.
  • Eating pomegranate can help to prevent dental problems.
  • Pomegranates remove an iron deficiency in the blood and rid of diseases such as anemia.
  • It provides relief in digestive problems, as well as regular arteries with regular intake.
  • There is less chance of causing breast cancer and lung cancer.
  • It can beneficial to get rid of the disease called Alzheimer's disease.
  • Pomegranate consumption also reduces the possibility of prostate cancer.
  • Pomegranate should also be included in its diet for proper diet in summer.
  • Pomegranate juice beneficial for healthy skin there are many benefits of drinking pomegranate juice, in this way to be more energetic, so pomegranate juice should be consumed regularly.

Benefits of Mosambi Juice

This is the fruit of lemon species. The mosambi juice contains vitamin C, calcium, potassium, zinc and fiber, along with that there is also some proportion of copper and iron. The best part is that calories and fats are very low in this. It has many nutrient benefits, however, if the juice is more beneficial when it is taken without sugar or water. By adding sugar, calories, increase in than the people suffering from stomach acne, should drink skin diseases, arthritis, can help relieve the disorder.
Here are some health’s benefits of mosambi (citrus limetta) juice are as follows.
Mosambi for stomach disorders:
Fiber, flavonoids are more helpful for stomach disorders. There are also many fibers in it. Also beneficial for cure sneezing.
Mosambi for the skin problems:
It is also extra useful for the skin, gums, eyes, hair, and nails because it gives high levels of vitamin C and iron. They also help to maintain shiny skin.
Mosambi for Heart Disease Problems:
There are many nutrients with vitamins C, fiber and pectin that reduce cholesterol levels. It provides relief for heart disease.
Mosambi for to lose weight:
Citrus is more helpful for weight loss. Like lemon, it has low calories the juice of Mosambi is about 50 or fewer calories, this cause it helps in weight loss.
Mosambi for Rheumatic Diseases:
It is helpful in problems associated with arthritis. Since, it has vitamin C, which prevents the loss of cartilage.


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Benefits of Sugarcane Juice

Flavonoids and antioxidant called phenolics present in sugarcane juice are very beneficial. They have properties like anti-viral, anti-allergic, anti-tumor, so drinking sugar cane juice gives lots of antioxidant benefits. They help in maintaining the balance of free radicals and protect against the effects of age and cancer. This protects against damage to the heart, kidneys, brain, and reproductive organs. A sugar present in sugarcane juice is easily digested, while the intestines play in converting the second type of sugar into energy.
Sugar increases in blood by drinking sugar cane juice. But, due to sugarcane juice, the amount of sugar in the blood does not change very rapidly. Therefore, it can be taken in some quantities from the advice of the doctor in diabetes. Its use helps in recovering jaundice quickly and the liver gets strength. It can easily digest and gives relief from fatigue. Trouble in urine can be overcome by its use. It is also beneficial for the kidneys. Here some health benefits of sugarcane juice have been mentioned.
  • There is a good amount of fiber in it, this helpful for the stomach and heart.
  • It removes irritation, thirst, and fatigue by removing water shortage.
  • Sugarcane juice gets relief from acidity.
  • This can reduce the deficiency of urinary infection.
  • Drinking sugarcane juice eliminates the smell of mouth.
  • It gives phosphorus and calcium, which strengthens bones and teeth.
  • Sugarcane juice eliminates intestinal irritation.
  • By mixing of ginger juice with sugar cane juice the blood disorders, heart, and blood vessels are cured.
  • Due to potassium in sugarcane, it is beneficial for the digestive system, it eliminates constipation and it causes hunger.
  • This is a good source of iron and reduces blood loss.
  • Drinking sugarcane juice gives the skin healthy and nourished.
  • Drinking sugarcane juice causes less cholesterol, which is harmful to LDL.
  • Drinking sugarcane juice gives instant energy in summer.

Benefits of Honey

Honey has been used all over the world over ancient times. While the several health benefits of honey make it a significant part of Ayurvedic treated as a medicine. Honey is easy to consume due to its have great taste. You can consume it directly or with bread like a jam, mix it with drink, juice or some traditional home remedies instead of sugar. It is enjoyed by all peoples because of his taste and health benefits make it versatile and useful.
Honey holds good levels of carbohydrates, glucose, and fructose, vitamins, amino acids, monosaccharide’s, 70 to 80 percent sugar, minerals, and water. Honey also holds antiseptic and antibacterial properties. Honey has a huge source of carbohydrates, which give strength and energy to your bodies, honey is recognized for its efficiency in immediately boost the performance. The natural sugars of honey give to stay power and decrease muscle fatigue of athlete and prevent fatigue during the exercise. The glucose of honey is absorbed by our body rapidly and provides instant energy; honey is also used to maintain the level of blood sugar instead of different types of sugar.
Honey is an important source of home remedies; here are some health benefits of honey are.
  • Honey contains antibacterial and antifungal properties
  • Honey source of vitamins and minerals
  • Honey contains antioxidant properties
  • Honey regulates the blood sugar level
  • Honey is to make stronger the immunity system
  • Honey used to reduce ulcers and some gastrointestinal disorders
  • Honey prevents cancer
  • Honey prevents heart disease
  • Honey is an instant energy booster
  • Use honey as a sweetener agent
  • Honey use in medicinal product
  • Use honey as a beauty care product
  • Honey used to relieve from cough
  • Honey is used for weight loss
  • Honey used to heal wounds and burns

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Benefits of orange fruit

Orange is the most cultivated fruit trees and common citrus fruits consumed all over the world. It is a type of citrus fruit belongs to the Rutaceae family and classified into two categories bitter and sweet. Orange is popular for its raw juicy nature, pulpy slices, and tasty and sweet flavor. Oranges offer many health benefits at the same time it uses for beauty aspects and healthy skin. Oranges are well known for their goodness of vitamin C. It has low calories, but holds full of nutrients, vitamins, minerals, fiber, phytochemicals, flavonoids, and strong antioxidant properties. It can help to prevent from risk for many diseases.
Orange is the healthiest fruit that gives much health benefits are as follows.
  • Orange boosts your immunity
  • Orange helpful for lowering cholesterol levels
  • Oranges stay your heart healthy
  • Orange helps brain development
  • Orange prevent from ulcers
  • Orange prevent various types of cancer
  • Orange stays your stomach and intestines healthy
  • Orange help to fight against viral infections
  •  Orange prevents aging of the skin
  • Orange prevents acne.
  • Orange make eyes healthy
  • Orange prevents hair loss,
  • Orange promotes hair growth
  • Orange keeps blood sugar levels
  • Orange peels are also providing a variety of benefits to your skin.

Benefits of Jaggery with Milk

It is good to eat jaggery with hot milk, all of them know the benefits of drinking milk every day, but due to jaggery with hot milk to keep the body weight in control, Also, the skin becomes shiny. Milk contains large amounts of vitamin A, vitamin B, Vitamin D, calcium, protein, lactic acid and there is sucrose, glucose, calcium, phosphorus, and iron in the jaggery it very beneficial to maintain the body healthily.
  • Obesity is in control: Instead of adding sugar to hot milk, it helps to stay in the control of obesity.
  • Stomach disorders become distant: Due to the consumption of hot milk and jaggery, the stomach, and digestive disorders can be overcome.
  • Keep the blood pressure normal: It helps to keep blood pressure in normal.
  • It helps to relief from arthritis: By eating jaggery it gives reliefs from arthritis, if you consume ginger and jaggery every day, the joints will get stronger.
  • The skin becomes soft: Due to hot milk and jaggery, the skin becomes soft. Not only this, but the hair also gets stronger.
  • Menstrual discomfort decreases: At the menstrual period, women eat hot milk and jaggery, and then they suffer less.
  • Tiredness decreases: If you are tired of excessive work stress, then take hot milk and jaggery. This gives relief immediately.
  • If you are tired of excessive work stress, then take hot milk and jaggery. This gives relief immediately.
  • Jaggery is beneficial in dealing with digestive issues such as constipation.
  • Helps in purifying your blood and thus improving your overall health.
  • Helps in boosting energy levels.
  • Jaggery is loaded with all the essential nutrients that may prove helpful in reducing period pain.
  • Helps in boosting immunity.

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Benefits of Jaggery

Everyone loves to eat jaggery during the winter season, because there is more heat in it, by eating jaggery increase the body heat, jaggery is very beneficial and potent to all abdominal disorders, According to Ayurveda, the elements of the jaggery cause acid destruction of the body, by daily eating of jaggery body will stay healthy. Now, we are going to tell you the benefits of the jaggery which you have never heard, If you eat a few jaggeries for seven consecutive days, it will be greatly beneficial to health. 
  • Jaggery is useful for many health benefits; let’s check some health benefits of jaggery.
  • By daily eating of jaggery, the digestive process remains smooth.
  • By consuming of jaggery every day the skin gets brighter and rashes on the face also become less.
  • If you have a cold and cough, take the jaggery tea it will give relief.
  • If you feel tired, take jaggery and there will always be energy in the body.
  • There are ingredients in jaggery to protect from allergy.
  • Jaggery is very useful for asthma patients.
  • Jaggery along with hot ginger can relieve throat infection.
  • Helps in relieving constipation.
  • Helps in purifying your blood and thus improving your overall health.
  • Effective in dealing with joint pains and aches.
  • Helps in boosting energy levels.
  • Helps in relieving menstrual pain.
  • Helps in boosting immunity.

Wednesday, August 14, 2019

Applications of pH

The pH of a sample specifies its acidic, basic or neutral nature. Every substance has a specific pH, which depends on the nature of the substance. The pH is measured from 0 to 14 pH scale. The pH below 07.00 considered as basic, above 07.00 to 14.00 considered as basic and pH 07.00 considered as neutral, it is based entirely on the concentration of hydrogen ions.
Here are mentioned some applications of pH.

  • It assists us to determine whether any substance is acidic or basic or neutral
  • It is widely used in chemistry
  • The pH is significantly used in research and development.
  • The pH is very important in the agriculture sector to verify the quality of soil, water, and pesticides.
  • It is used in the production and quality control to maintain the quality of the product
  • It is used in the process of water and wastewater analysis
  • The pH meter is an advanced version for measuring pH, which gives quick, reliable pH-testing so it is used in many important processes.
  • The pH mainly used in pharmaceutical, food, and the chemical industry.

What is an ophthalmic solution?

Medicines are administered in the eyes to reduce intraocular pressure in local effects such as migraines, mylocyes, and anesthesia, or glaucoma treatment. The ophthalmic formulation gives medication in the eyes or conjunctiva. Drug penetrations in the eyes are not an effective procedure. It is estimated that only one-tenth of the dose enters the eye. The formulation includes aqueous suspension, aqueous solution, inserts, and plaster. To prevent microbial contamination of eyes, each eye product should be sterile in its final container. Formulated to maintain the sterility once the container has been opened the preservative is added in the formulation. The ophthalmic formulation also needs the buffer capacity, pH, tonicity, and viscosity of the formulation are carefully controlled.

Difference between polar and nonpolar molecules

Covalent Bonds:
Covalent bonds structure the base of the chemical reactions between atoms of various components. The only way to form these bonds is while an electron is shared by two elements, which makes the connection, which results in a new substance. Covalent bonds may exist as polar or nonpolar substances, but, significantly, all polar or nonpolar bonds in nature should also be covalent.
Here are mentioned some differences between polar and nonpolar molecules.
Polar molecules :
  1. The polar molecules are symmetrical.
  2. The polar molecules have electrical poles.
  3. In polar molecules, one end of the molecule is positive, while there is a negative charge on the other end.
  4. H bonds occur in it.
  5. Minimum one polar covalent in polar bonds is present in all polar molecules.
  6. The polar bond has charge separation.
  7. It has a dipole moment.
  8. It has high surface tension, melting point, the boiling point.
  9. It interacts with the other polar molecules.
  10. The examples of a polar molecule are water, ammonia, and ethanol.
Nonpolar molecules:
  1. The non-polar molecules are symmetrical.
  2. The non-polar molecule does not have electrical poles.
  3. There is no profusion of charges on the opposite ends of non-polar molecules.
  4. The Van der Waal interactions amongst the nonpolar bonds.
  5. There is no Nonpolar covalent in all nonpolar molecules
  6. There is no charge separation in the non-polar molecules
  7. It has no dipole moment.
  8. It has low surface tension, melting point, the boiling point.
  9. It does not interact with the other nonpolar molecules.
  10. The examples of a nonpolar molecule are oil, benzene, methane.

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