Learn how to make different concentrations of molar and normal sodium hydroxide solutions, which are needed for many applications such as research, practical, pharmaceutical, chemical laboratory, and industries, etc.
The molecular weight of NaOH is 39.997 g/mol.
The melting point of sodium hydroxide is 318 °C.
The boiling point of sodium hydroxide is 1,388 °C.
The density of NaOH is 2.13 g/cm³.
Generally, a solid form of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) in different grades is supplied in the market by vendors.
Requirements of glassware and apparatus:
Digital balance, beaker, pipette, pipette bulb, volumetric flask, measuring cylinder, glass rod, distilled water, and AR/LR grade sodium hydroxide (NaOH), etc.
Normality Equation:
The equation for normality is easy to understand if you have understood the gram equivalent weight.
Normality (N) = m /V × 1 / Eq
m is mass of solute in grams
V is total volume of solution in Liters
Eq is equivalent weight
Normality calculation of NaOH:
To prepare various concentrations of solution we can use this calculation, and we will use one example to help you understand how to make various concentrations.
Example:
How do you make a 1N NaOH solution?
Normality (N) = m /V × 1 / Eq
N = 1
m = unknown
V = 1 liter
Eq = 40.00g/
1 N = m /1L*× 1* / 40.00 g/eq
Using algebra and remembering that N is in eq/L:
m = 1 eq/L × 1 L × 40.00 g/eq ; hence m = 40 g
To prepare a 1N NaOH, 40 gm of sodium hydroxide are dissolved in one liter of distilled water.
Likewise, for a 0.1 N NaOH solution, divide by a factor of 10 and 4 grams of NaOH per liter is needed.
The terms molar and normal of NaOH are same, because NaOH has a valence of 1, 1 mole of NaOH in 1 liter of pure water = 1 N.
How to prepare 0.05N NaOH solution?
Weigh accurately 02.00 gm of sodium hydroxide and dissolve in 500 ml of distilled water in a volumetric flask. Once it has completely dissolved, allow the solution to cool to ambient temperature and make up the volume to 1000 ml with distilled water, and properly mix it.
How to prepare 0.1N NaOH solution?
Weigh accurately 04.00 gm of sodium hydroxide and dissolve in 500 ml of distilled water in a volumetric flask. Once it has completely dissolved, allow the solution to cool to ambient temperature and make up the volume to 1000 ml with distilled water, and properly mix it.
How to prepare 0.2N NaOH solution?
Weigh accurately 08.00 gm of sodium hydroxide and dissolve in 500 ml of distilled water in a volumetric flask. Once it has completely dissolved, allow the solution to cool to ambient temperature and make up the volume to 1000 ml with distilled water, and properly mix it.
How do you make 0.25N NaOH solution?
Weigh accurately 10.00 gm of sodium hydroxide and dissolve in 500 ml of distilled water in a volumetric flask. Once it has completely dissolved, allow the solution to cool to ambient temperature and make up the volume to 1000 ml with distilled water and properly mix it.
How to prepare 1N NaOH solution?
Weigh accurately 40.00 gm of NaOH and dissolve in 500 ml of distilled water in a volumetric flask. Once it has completely dissolved, allow the solution to cool to ambient temperature and make up the volume to 1000 ml with distilled water and properly mix it.
How to prepare 100 ml of 2N NaOH solution?
Weigh accurately 08.00 gm of sodium hydroxide and dissolve in 100 ml of distilled water in a volumetric flask. Once it has completely dissolved, allow the solution to cool to ambient temperature before use.
How to prepare 5N sodium hydroxide solution?
Weigh accurately 50.00 gm of NaOH and slowly dissolve in 250 ml of distilled water in a volumetric flask. Once it has completely dissolved properly mixing it and allow the solution to cool to ambient temperature before use.
How to prepare 0.05 M sodium hydroxide?
Weigh accurately 02.00 gm of NaOH and dissolve in 500 ml of distilled water in a volumetric flask. Once it has completely dissolved, allow the solution to cool to ambient temperature and make up the volume to 1000 ml with distilled water, and properly mix it.
How to prepare 0.1 M sodium hydroxide?
Weigh accurately 04.00 gm of NaOH and dissolve in 500 ml of distilled water in a volumetric flask. Once it has completely dissolved, allow the solution to cool to ambient temperature and make up the volume to 1000 ml with distilled water, and properly mix it.
How do you make 0.25 M sodium hydroxide?
Weigh accurately 10.00 gm of NaOH and dissolve in 500 ml of distilled water in a volumetric flask. Once it has completely dissolved, allow the solution to cool to ambient temperature and make up the volume to 1000 ml with distilled water, and properly mix it.
How to prepare 0.5 M sodium hydroxide?
Weigh accurately 20.00 gm of NaOH and dissolve in 500 ml of distilled water in a volumetric flask. Once it has completely dissolved, allow the solution to cool to ambient temperature and make up the volume to 1000 ml with distilled water, and properly mix it.
How to prepare 1 M sodium hydroxide solution?
Weigh accurately 40.00 gm of sodium hydroxide pellets and dissolve in 800 ml of distilled water in a volumetric flask. Once it has completely dissolved, allow the solution to cool to ambient temperature and make up the volume to 01 liters with distilled water and properly mix it.
How to prepare 2 M sodium hydroxide?
Weigh accurately 80.00 gm of NaOH and dissolve in 1000 ml of distilled water in a volumetric flask. Once it has completely dissolved, allow the solution to cool to ambient temperature before use.
How do you make a 10% NaOH solution?
Weigh accurately 10.00 gm of NaOH and dissolve in 100 ml of distilled water in a volumetric flask. Once it has completely dissolved, properly mix it.
Note:
- Sodium hydroxide is hygroscopic in nature it should be stored in a tightly closed container.
- Stir a little amount of sodium hydroxide into a large volume of water at a time, and then dilute the solution.
- When making sodium hydroxide solutions, it is recommended that always use distilled water.
- Do not come into contact with sodium hydroxide! It's caustic and can result in chemical burns. Therefore should be handled with care, follow laboratory safety measures (SOP), and please use extreme caution when preparing the solution concentrations.
- The preparation of NaOH solution involves an exothermic reaction, which needs extreme care while preparation.
- Because sodium hydroxide solution can spill or break glassware, wear safety goggles and gloves.
References:
- Wikipedia contributors. (2021, December 10). Sodium hydroxide. In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Available Here
- ‘How to Calculate Equivalent Units’. Sciencing, Available Here
- ‘NaOH (Sodium Hydroxide)’. Cold Spring Harbor Protocols, vol. 2006, no. 1, Jan. 2006, p. pdb.rec8221. cshprotocols.cshlp.org, Available Here
- Kurt, Cetin; Bittner, Jürgen (2006). "Sodium Hydroxide." Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH. doi:10.1002/14356007.a24_345.pub2
- ‘How to Prepare a Sodium Hydroxide Solution’. ThoughtCo, Available Here
- Acid & Base Normality and Molarity Calculator. Available Here
How to prepare 0.357 M sodium hydroxide
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