Learn the identification tests of calcium gluconate through a laboratory experiment or practical.
Aim:
To perform identification tests of calcium gluconate on a given sample.
Reference: Indian Pharmacopoeia (IP) 2010
Requirements:
Glasswares and miscellaneous:
Test tube, measuring cylinder, pipette, glass rod, volumetric flask, beaker, dropper, rubber stopper, test tube stand, test tube holder, and balance, etc.
Chemicals:
Ferric chloride (FeCl3), ammonium chloride (NH4Cl), glacial acetic acid (CH3COOH), hydrochloric acid (HCl), potassium ferrocyanide (C6FeK4N6), and ammonium oxalate ((NH4)2C2O4), etc.
Principle:
- The first test is the reaction of gluconic acid, which forms a yellow complex FeCl3.
- In an acidic medium, calcium ions do not react directly with hexacyanoferrate (II) ions, however when ammonium ions are added, a white precipitate forms.
- When ((NH4)2C2O4 is added to C12H22CaO14, a white calcium oxalate precipitate forms. In weak acetic acid, this precipitate is insoluble; however, it dissolves in strong mineral acids like hydrochloric acid.
Procedure for identification of calcium gluconate:
Test 1: Add 00.05 ml of the ferric chloride test solution to 01.00 ml of a 03 % w/v solution, which produces a yellow color.
Test 2: Add 01.00 ml acetic acid to 05.00 ml 2.0 % w/v solution. The solution stays clear after adding 00.50 ml potassium ferrocyanide solution. Then weigh and add about 50 mg of NH4Cl, a white, crystalline precipitate is formed.
Test 3: Add 00.20 ml of a 2 percent w/v prepared solution of ammonium oxalate to 05.00 ml of a 2.0 % w/v solution to form a white precipitate that is sparingly soluble in dilute acetic acid however soluble in hydrochloric acid.
Observations:
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Identification Test |
Observation |
Inference |
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Test 1 |
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Test 2 |
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Test 3 |
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Results:
The given sample complies with the tests 1 / 2 / 3 and does not comply with the tests 1 / 2 / 3 for the identification of calcium gluconate (C12H22CaO14) as per IP 2010.
It suggests that the given sample is of ………………………...
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