The major difference between gravimetric analysis and volumetric analysis is that gravimetric analysis quantifies the mass of the analyte, whereas volumetric analysis determines the volume of the analyte.
Quantitative chemical analysis is a branch of chemistry that deals with identifying the proportion or amount of one or more solutes in a sample. It is carried out utilizing several methodologies that can be classified as physical-based or chemical-based on which properties are used. Physical methods include density, refractive index, light absorption or polarisation, magnetic susceptibility, electromotive force, etc. Chemical reactions include neutralization, oxidation, precipitation, and the formation of a new compound.
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Volumetric analysis, gravimetric analysis, and instrumental analysis are types of analytical techniques generally used to measure the amount of a certain component present in a given sample. It is performed either manually or automatically by using instruments; usually, a burette, beaker, conical flask, pipette, volumetric flask, and funnel are required to carry out the titration process.
What is gravimetric analysis?
Gravimetric analysis is a type of quantitative analysis used to determine the mass of an unknown analyte in a sample. In this process, precipitation reactions are used to separate the target compound from a sample, which can convert a dissolved compound (Liquid) into a precipitate (solid) so we can weigh them. If the sample has a mixture of different solids, they need to be dissolving it in an appropriate solvent after that adding a reagent that will precipitate the particular component. It's known as a precipitating agent. Finally, filter and weigh the precipitate.
There are four basic types of gravimetric analysis: physical gravimetry, precipitative gravimetric analysis, thermogravimetry, and electrodeposition, they are different in sample preparation before weighing the solute.
What is volumetric analysis?
Volumetric analysis is a type of quantitative analysis that uses the volume of an unknown component to determine its concentration. In other words, volumetric analysis or titration is the measuring of the volume of a second component that reacts in known proportions with the first component. In volumetric analysis, the volume of a solute is determined in situations where solutions of several different unknown concentrations are to be analyzed.
There are three basic types of volumetric analysis: simple titration, back titration, and double titration. Although acid-base, redox and complexometric reactions are also some of the most typical applications in volumetric analysis. They work on different principles, and titrations involve the use of a known sample to analyze a specific amount of an unknown sample.
Difference between gravimetric and volumetric analysis:
- The mass of the solute is determined in gravimetric analysis, whereas the volume of the solute is determined in volumetric analysis.
- In gravimetric analysis involved the formation of a solid mass that can be isolated from the sample solution, while In volumetric analysis, titrant of known concentration reacting with the analyte is added to determine the volume of the analyte.
- In gravimetric analysis involves a chemical reaction that can precipitate the desired analyte, while volumetric analysis involves a chemical reaction that can change the color of the sample at the endpoint or equivalence point due to the indicator.
- The result of the gravimetric analysis is usually expressed in milligram (mg), gram (g), or kilogram (kg), while the result of the volumetric analysis is usually expressed in milliliter (ml), or liter (L).
Commonly asked questions on titration are as follows.
What is the difference between gravimetric and titration?
The major difference between gravimetric and titration is that gravimetric analysis uses weight to measure analyte quantity, whereas titrimetric analysis measures the quantity of an analyte using volume.
Why is gravimetric analysis more accurate than volumetric?
Because the solvent temperature can be ignored, hence the gravimetric process is more accurate than the volumetric method. Solvent weight is not affected by temperature.
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