Osmosis and reverse osmosis both are techniques of water movement through a semi-permeable membrane. The semi-permeable film can be a kind of synthetic or biological membrane, which enables just certain ions or particles (molecules) to go through it by diffusion.
The principle difference among osmosis and reverse osmosis is that the osmosis is the water molecule diffusion from high water potential to lower water potential over a semi-permeable membrane, though the reverse osmosis is the diffusion of water particles over a semi-permeable membrane against the potential gradient. In addition, osmosis is a natural process, whereas reverse osmosis is an artificial process.
Here are some of the difference between osmosis and reverse osmosis.
Osmosis
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Reverse osmosis
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Osmosis is a kind of diffusion where the water molecules movement takes place from the area of high to lower water potential
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The Reverse osmosis process in which water is purified by solutes through the semi-permeable membrane
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Happens without the need for an energy
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Energy is required to supply pressure
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Happens from high to low water concentration
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As the name reverse osmosis, the direction is the opposite of the osmosis. Happens against the concentration gradient
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Occurring naturally
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Applied commercial
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Osmotic pressure works naturally during osmosis
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More pressure than the naturally occurring pressure is applied in reverse osmosis
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