The key difference between spectroscopy and chromatography is that spectroscopy is the analysis of interaction among analyte and electromagnetic radiation and chromatography is the isolation of mixture into individual compounds with the help of the mobile phase and stationary phase.
Spectroscopy:
Spectroscopy is an interaction of electromagnetic radiation with the component may absorb or emission sample passed from one energy state to another. The photon interacts with the sample while an electromagnetic radiation beam goes through a sample, they can be reflected, absorbed, and refracted. The radiation can affect the chemical bonds and electrons in a sample. In several cases, the absorbed radiation leads to low energy photon emission. Spectroscopy sees how the phenomenon of radiation affects the sample solution. Absorbed and emitted spectra apply to obtain about the component information since the interaction relies on the wavelength, so there are numerous kinds of spectroscopy.
Some examples of spectroscopy are ultraviolet and visible spectroscopy (UV/VIS), infrared spectroscopy (IR), fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), mass spectrometry (MS), raman spectroscopy, attenuated total reflectance spectroscopy (ATR), laser spectroscopy, atomic absorption spectroscopy, electron spectroscopy, gamma-ray spectroscopy, and x-ray spectroscopy etc.
Chromatography:
Chromatography is one of the most important methods in analytical chemistry, separating sample mixtures between stationary and mobile phases depending on their different distribution. The different molecules or components travel through the stationary phase with the mobile phase at different rates and are separated into a series of bands. There are several important types of chromatographic techniques are available such as liquid chromatography (HPLC), gas chromatography (GC), thin-layer chromatography (TLC), paper chromatography, and column chromatography.
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